Investing in generations: What do voters think?

A YouGov survey of over 2,000 adults, commissioned by ILC seeks to explore people’s perceptions and experiences of intergenerational inequalities, with a view to identifying solutions that will help strengthen the intergenerational contract and support the wellbeing of all generations. On the eve of the UK General Election, Dr Vivien Burrows, Emily Evans and Lily Parsey present a snapshot analysis of respondent views according to the way that they voted in 2019.
 
Almost half the people who voted Conservative in 2019 think young adults today have a better standard of living than their parents’ generation, while 2019 Labour and Liberal Democrat voters think young adults are worse off.
    
Source: YouGov survey of 2,054 adults. Fieldwork undertaken 15 – 16 May 2024.
 
2019 Conservative voters (48%) are more likely to believe young adults today have a better standard of living compared to 2019 Labour (24%) and Lib Dem (33%) voters. While three out of five Labour voters (61%) predominantly think it is worse, followed by just over half of those who voted Liberal Democrats (55%) in 2019 and two in five Conservatives (38%).
 
The majority of those who voted Conservative and Liberal Democrats in 2019 say they are better off than their parents’ generation, more so than past Labour voters.
Source: YouGov survey of 2,054 adults. Fieldwork undertaken 15 – 16 May 2024.
 
• 56% of people who voted Conservative in 2019 say they are better off than their parents’ generation
• Only 18% of 2019 Conservative voters say they are worse off, compared to 36% of Labour and 21% of Lib Dem voters
 
A majority of those who voted for Labour (63%) or the Liberal Democrats (49%) in 2019 think the Government is spending too little on younger generations, while 2019 Conservative voters are more likely to think that the Government spends about the right amount (37%) or too much (17%) on younger generations.
 
Source: YouGov survey of 2,054 adults. Fieldwork undertaken 15 – 16 May 2024.
 
However, people from all parties felt too little was spent on people aged 65 and over.
 
Source: YouGov survey of 2,054 adults. Fieldwork undertaken 15 – 16 May 2024.
 
And there is cross party agreement that government support for future generations of retirees will drop, with 2019 Labour voters (65%) being the most pessimistic.
 
Source: YouGov survey of 2,054 adults. Fieldwork undertaken 15 – 16 May 2024.
 
And people who voted Labour in 2019 are the most worried about their finances with well over half (55%) being more worried about not having enough money to live comfortably. The same percentage (55%) of past Labour voters are worried about not having enough money saved for retirement compared to those who voted Conservative (38%) and Liberal Democrat (42%) in 2019.
 
Concern Conservative Voters (%) Lib Dem Voters (%) Labour Voters (%)
Not having enough money saved for retirement
Total Worried 38 42 55
Total Not Worried 43 47 35
Not having enough money to pay off credit card debt
Total Worried 16 19 24
Total Not Worried 54 66 50
Not having enough money to live comfortably
Total Worried 44 39 55
Total Not Worried 54 59 42
Not having enough money to pay rent/mortgage repayments
Total Worried 19 20 37
Total Not Worried 44 61 46
Not having enough money to support family members
Total Worried 26 26 42
Total Not Worried 54 61 44
Not having family members to rely on for support
Total Worried 22 24 34
Total Not Worried 59 64 53
Source: YouGov survey of 2,054 adults. Fieldwork undertaken 15 – 16 May 2024. Respondents could select more than one answer
 
 
When asked to what extent respondents would support or oppose certain policies, a majority of voters across all three parties:
• Supported increasing the level of the state pension
• Opposed increasing the state pension age
• Supported free adult social care
• Supported free childcare for pre-school children
 
 
Policy Conservative Voters (%) Lib Dem Voters (%) Labour Voters (%)
Increasing the level of the state pension
Total Support 80 74 76
Total Oppose 6 7 6
Neither support nor oppose 15 19 17
Increasing the state pension age
Total Support 13 12 8
Total Oppose 68 71 80
Neither support nor oppose 19 18 11
Scrapping university tuition fees
Total Support 46 61 74
Total Oppose 28 18 9
Neither support nor oppose 25 21 18
Free adult social care
Total Support 72 80 86
Total Oppose 8 4 5
Neither support nor oppose 20 15 10
Abolishing inheritance tax
Total Support 69 58 46
Total Oppose 10 22 30
Neither support nor oppose 21 21 24
Free childcare for pre-school children
Total Support 60 72 84
Total Oppose 17 11 5
Neither support nor oppose 23 17 12
Source: YouGov survey of 2,054 adults. Fieldwork undertaken 15 – 16 May 2024. Respondents could select more than one answer
 
 
The survey asked respondents where they believe the government should increase spending if additional funds were available. Respondents could select up to three areas. The NHS was the number one spending priority for voters across all parties, with 69% of all respondents selecting the NHS in their top three. Social care is also highly prioritised, particularly among Lib Dem voters, reflecting widespread concern over healthcare services.
 
2019 Conservative Voters       2019 Lib Dem Voters 2019 Labour Voters
1. NHS (59%) 1. NHS (78%) 1. NHS (80%)
2. Defence (35%) 2. Social Care (42%) 2. Housing (35%)
3. Crime (33%) 3. Education (32%) 3. Social Care (34%)
4. Social Care (32%) 4. Environment/Climate (31%) 4. Education (32%)
5. Pensions (28%) 5. Defence (22%) 5. Environment/Climate (28%)
Source: YouGov survey of 2,054 adults. Fieldwork undertaken 15 – 16 May 2024. Respondents could select more than one answer
 
However, healthcare aside, the survey results illustrate clear differences in spending priorities based on voter behaviour in the 2019 General Election. Conservative voters prioritise crime prevention, defence, and pensions while Labour voters would like to see more investment in education, housing, and environmental issues.
 
Spending priority 2019 Conservative Voters (%) 2019 Lib Dem Voters (%) 2019 Labour Voters (%)
1. NHS
59 78 80
2. Social care 32 42 34
3. Education 23 32 32
4. Environment/Climate
15 31 28
5. Housing
14 19 35
6. Crime
33 18 16
7. Defence
35 22 5
8. Pensions
28 19 15
9. Housing
14 19 35
10. Infrastructure
19 10 11
11. Transport
9 4 10
12. Welfare Benefits
3 6 10
Source: YouGov survey of 2,054 adults. Fieldwork undertaken 15 – 16 May 2024. Respondents could select more than one answer
 
Conclusion
 
The survey highlights clear distinctions in the priorities and perceptions of those who voted for the Conservative, Labour or Liberal Democrat party in the 2019 election. While there is a consensus on the importance of increasing the level of the state pension and supporting the NHS, there are significant differences in other areas such as university tuition fees, inheritance tax, and government spending priorities. Past labour voters are more concerned about financial security and social support, while past Conservative voters emphasise law and order and national security.
Dr Vivien Burrows, Emily Evans and Lily Parsey

Dr Vivien Burrows, Emily Evans and Lily Parsey